I NEED HELP PLEAsE WHAT IS 7x2 - 1 add + 5

In e. c. tolman's experiment, some rats were trained to run through mazes for standard food goals, while other rats were allowed to explore the mazes for 10 days without food goals or other rewards. later, when food rewards were placed in a box at the far end of the maze, the previously unrewarded rats reached the food box as quickly as the rewarded rats after only one or two trials. this experiment demonstrated that the rats had the ability to form of their surroundings.

Did cuneiform develop the language we use today

How does sociology account for the cause of drug and alcohol addiction?