Four bad practices and their solution

Brainliest will be given is conflict unavoidable among israel and its arab neighbors? why or why not? could stronger economic ties between israel and its arab neighbors reduce conflict? why or why not? what evidence supports your positions?

Martha participates in a research study in order to receive extra credit for her psychology class. when she arrives in the research office she is given a can of what looks and tastes like beer, but which actually contains no alcohol. in the adjoining room martha's classmate karen is also participating in the study. karen receives a can of alcoholic beer. if the experiment was designed to test the effects of alcohol on concentration, then who is exposed to the independent variable?

Can someone me with these 2 questions? and tell me why it is the correct answer?