What is the difference between republican and democrat?

Their view to what they want. Such as gun rights for republicans but democrats do not usually support gun rights. Or gay rights. Democrats support this but republicans do not. Most of their views are usually different and rarely the same. Take the 2016 election for example. 

The differences between the two vary on all major issues. This ranges from taxes to economic policies and health care. However, the major difference is that on all issues, democrats are more liberal and open to non-conventional ideas while republicans are more conservative and are prone to maintaining the status quo and not shifting from the "norm".

The three sociological perspectives include the beginner’s mind, culture shock, and the sociological imagination