To learn to look both ways before crossing the street. children merely need to hear about the consequences of getting hit by a car (instead of having to experience it themselves). This is an example of a. shaping b. vicarious conditioning. c. escape learning. d. insight.

B). Vicarious Conditioning.

Explanation:

'Vicarious Conditioning' is described as the process of observational learning where the observer internalizes distinct attitudes, feelings, actions, beliefs, reactions, etc. through observation of others' reactions in such situations instead of themselves being directly exposed to such a situation or stimulus.

In the given example, the learning of the action('to look both ways before crossing a street') by hearing and observing the reactions of people(instead of themselves experiencing it) that teaches them to 'obey these rules' because it may lead to devastating consequences like accidents('being hit by a car'). Therefore, option B is the correct answer.

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