OUR SOLAR SYSTEM Our Solar System
The size of a planet can be found from measurements of its angular size and its distance. How large the planet appears to be is its
angular size or angular diameter, the angle between two lines of sight along each side of the object. Yet, how large a planet appears
to us depends on it's

The first law of thermodynamics states that heat added to a system is neither created nor destroyed but is transformed ⇒ as it changes into other forms of energy.

Aparticle of mass m is projected with an initial velocity v0 in a direction making an angle α with the horizontal level ground as shown in the figure. the motion of the particle occurs under a uniform gravitational field g pointing downward. (a) write down the lagrangian of the system by using the cartesian coordinates (x, y). (b) is there any cyclic coordinate(s). if so, interpret it (them) physically. (c) find the euler-lagrange equations. find at least one constant of motion. (d) solve the differential equation in part (c) and obtain x and y coordinates of the projectile as a function of time. (e) construct the hamiltonian of the system, h, and write down the hamilton’s equations (canonical equations) of motion.

The softest and hardest minerals are: softest hardest