Apiezometer and a pitot tube are tapped into a 4-cm-diameter horizontal water pipe, and the height of the water columns are measured to be 26 cm in the piezometer and 32 cm in the pitot tube (both measured from the top surface of the pipe). determine the velocity at the center of the pipe.

1.08m/s

Explanation:

To develop this problem it is necessary to resort to the concept developed by Bernoulli in his equations in which

describes the behavior of a fluid along a channel.

Bernoulli's equation is given by

Where,

Pressure at determinated point

density (water in this case)

Velocity at determinated point

g = Gravity acceleration

z = Pressure heads at determinated point.

We know that the problem is given in an horizontal line, then the pressure heads is zero.

And for definition we know that,

Where h means the heights of water column measured by the pitot tube at the top and the piezometer. Then replacing both pressure with the previous values we have:

Then replacing

At the end of the pipe the speed is zero, since there is stagnation then:

Re-arrange for =

Replacing the values where and we have,

Therefore the velocity at the centerline is 1.08m/s

the order for strong to weak forces such as

strong nuclear force → electromegnetic force → weak nuclear force → gravitational force

the fundamental forces are those forces that act between to objects or element to make interactions. there are four types of fundamental forces such as strong and weak nuclear forces (due to protons and electrons), electromagnetic force (due to the motion of electrons) and gravitational force (due to orbital movement of the planet). if these forces are arranged on the basis of their maximum strength then the order is

strong nuclear force → electromegnetic force → weak nuclear force → gravitational force