Ructions, attempt any FOUR possible questions. 1. Discuss the features of the Ancient regime in France by 1789.
2. How significant was the National assembly in the history of France by 1789?
3. Assess the contribution of the American war of Independence to the occurrence
1789 French Revolution
4 The Directorate government was a failure in its operations Discuss
How far did the Directorate Government contribute to the rise of Napoleon by
Napoleon I was a product of circumstances beyond his own making Discuss
Account for the formation of European coins in Napoleon by 1814
Account for the summoning of the 1814 Vienna Congress​

answer; william penn's approach made the colony diverse by attracting many types of people and religions;

the industrial development of cities in the ruhr area in the nineteenth century is described. the research was based on english and german language sources. several factors that shaped growth and paths of the cities were categorized and analyzed. they are locations, resources, traditions, entrepreneurs, and technological developments. locations and resources were the most important among them; other factors may be regarded as consequences from locations and resources. among the cities, bochum, essen, gelsenkirchen, and dortmund had the richest resources and most favorable locations in the transportation network and grew to be the largest cities in the ruhr area near the end of the nineteenth century. riverside location was also a favorable factor for the development, as shown in the development of duisburg on the confluence of rhine and ruhr. resource distribution can explain the rise of textile industry, metallurgical industry, and coal and iron industries, and the northward progression of the mining industry. tradition was an important factor for cities such as krefeld, barmen, elberfeld, solingen, and remscheid, which experienced development based on their traditions through the nineteenth century. various entrepreneurs exerted influences within and beyond the local level over the ruhr area. technological development stimulated the northward progression of the mining industry and the deep connection between the coal and the iron industries.