“And what O’Priest, is the noble truth of the path leading to the cessation of misery? It is … right belief, right resolve, right speech, right behavior, right occupation, right effort, right contemplation, and right concentration.” These words describe the teaching and philosophy of what religious teaching?

Buddhism

Explanation:

These lines shows the teaching and philosophy of Buddhism. Gautama Buddha was the founder of the religion we called now Buddhism. First he was the follower of Hindu religion but he discover unenchantment with this religion which lead him to search a real enchantment so for that reason he travel and at last he find the enlightenment. Gautama Buddha followed many ideas of Hinduism but also disagree with some of ideas such as caste system etc.

d: their own individual powers within the new goverment

i would think i'ts d hope this out