The Italian merchants sometimes sailed across the Mediterranean Sea to Syria, where they could buy black pepper that had been grown on the southwest coast of India. The tiny dried black peppercorns were the perfect item to trade, because the small ships of the time could carry enough to make a nice profit. From India the pepper was shipped across to Arabia, where camel caravans would carry it all the way to Syria. The Italians could purchase enough pepper in Syria to carry with them to the next Champagne fair. Every count whose cook added the bite of costly black pepper to his food knew he was getting a taste of far distant lands. As late as 1300, Jean de Joieville, a French writer who had actually lived in the Muslim world, still believed that these spices came from the outer edges of the Garden of Eden, located somewhere along the river Nile. There, people “cast their nets outspread into the river, at night; and when morning comes, they find in their nets such goods as . . . ginger, rhubarb, wood of aloes, and cinnamon.” –Sugar Changed the World, Marc Aronson and Marina Budhos What is the central idea of the passage? In the Middle Ages, spices that are now ordinary were rare imports from faraway places. The spices at the Champagne fair were from the Middle East, where they were used in cooking. Pepper was highly regarded in Europe, so merchants demanded more and more of it. The Champagne fairs relied on a vast trade network that drove up the prices of new and rare goods.

In the Middle Ages, spices that are now ordinary were rare imports from faraway places.

Explanation:

The central idea of the text can be defined by the excerpt above.

The text is explaining the process that Italian merchants had to go through in order to carry a expensive spice (pepper) from Syria to the fairs of Champagne, in France.

This is because spices were a very well-regarded and expensive product that could only be afforded by the wealthy at the time, since shipping methods at the time were primitive (slow ships, camels), raising the cost of these products to levels that would be hard to imagine today.

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a maximum–minimum thermometer. the scales are fahrenheit on the inside of the u and celsius on the outside. the current temperature is 23 degrees celsius, the maximum recorded is 25, and the minimum is 15, both read from the base of the small markers in each arm of the u tube. the bulbs are hidden by a plastic housing.

six's thermometer is a registering thermometer which can record the maximum and minimum temperatures reached over a period of time, for example 24 hours. it is used to record the extremes of temperature at a location, for instance in meteorology and horticulture. it was invented by a british scientist james six, born in canterbury, in 1780; [1] the same basic design remains in use.

it is also commonly known as a maximum–minimum, minimum–maximum, maxima–minima or minima–maxima thermometer, of which it is the earliest practical design.

the thermometer indicates the current temperature, and the highest and lowest temperatures since last reset.