Volcanic islands are created as a crustal plate moves over a what ?

Volcanic islands are formed as a crustal tectonic plate containing an ocean moves over a magma hot spot.

... This magma carries an enormous amount of heat, and it can then be released into the crust and createmagma chambers there.

the proximity of water was an advantage to western europe and its culture was able to flourish as a result. trade and travel by sea were easier and safer in historical times.

1. there are no mountains to protect it from the sea

2. and its has wet cool summers and wet, mild winters.