By alluding to whitman’s poem in "i, too, sing america" hughes was able to
draw connections to us cultural heritage.
criticize other african american poets.
become the leader of the harlem renaissance.
write about the us in a totally new way.

Draw connections to US cultural heritage.

Explanation:

This is the most likely reason why Hughes included this allusion to Whitman in his poem. In this poem, Hughes refers to the "singing America," which is an allusion to the poetry of Walt Whitman. Hughes most likely included this in order to draw connections to an American cultural heritage. He is telling us that he, and every other African American, is as American as Whitman's poems, and as anyone who learns from them and enjoys them.

the speech this question is referring to is president kennedy's special message to the congress on urgent national needs, may 25, 1961

kennedy responds in a very direct and concrete way to those thinking that communism is a positive system:

"yet their aggression is more often concealed than open. they have fired no missiles; and their troops are seldom seen. they send arms, agitators, aid, technicians and propaganda to every troubled area. but where fighting is required, it is usually done by others--by guerrillas striking at night, by assassins striking alone--assassins who have taken the lives of four thousand civil officers in the last twelve months in vietnam alone--by subversives and saboteurs and insurrectionists, who in some cases control whole areas inside of independent nations." (kennedy)

president kennedy presents communism as cowardly, as a hidden and treacherous weapon that strikes from the shadows like thieves, he represents the system as not even being capable of showing and open and overt attack or confrontation. to finish up the response, he expresses that the system attacks even a country's idependence and freedom.

the author develops a cold, and scared tone. making the reader shudder with fear, and suddenly become cold. i'm guessing that he's writing a scary novel, or maybe about a chilly december night.