Chemistry, 18.03.2020 18:46 yuvraj2298

Calculate the mass of calcium phosphate and the mass of sodium chloride that could be formed when a solution containing 12.00g of sodium phosphate is added to a solution containing 10.0g of calcium chloride

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Answer : The mass of calcium phosphate and the mass of sodium chloride that formed could be, 9.3 and 10.5 grams respectively.

Explanation : Given,

Mass of Na_3PO_4 = 12.00 g

Mass of CaCl_2 = 10.0 g

Molar mass of Na_3PO_4 = 164 g/mol

Molar mass of CaCl_2 = 111 g/mol

Molar mass of NaCl = 58.5 g/mol

Molar mass of Ca_3(PO_4)_2 = 310 g/mol

First we have to calculate the moles of Na_3PO_4 and CaCl_2 .

$\text{Moles of }Na_3PO_4=\frac{\text{Given mass }Na_3PO_4}{\text{Molar mass }Na_3PO_4}$

$\text{Moles of }Na_3PO_4=\frac{12.00g}{164g/mol}=0.0732mol$

and,

$\text{Moles of }CaCl_2=\frac{\text{Given mass }CaCl_2}{\text{Molar mass }CaCl_2}$

$\text{Moles of }CaCl_2=\frac{10.0g}{111g/mol}=0.0901mol$

Now we have to calculate the limiting and excess reagent.

The balanced chemical reaction is:

$2Na_3PO_4+3CaCl_2\rightarrow 6NaCl+Ca_3(PO_4)_2$

From the balanced reaction we conclude that

As, 3 mole of CaCl_2 react with 2 mole of Na_3PO_4

So, 0.0901 moles of CaCl_2 react with $\frac{2}{3}\times 0.0901=0.0601$ moles of Na_3PO_4

From this we conclude that, Na_3PO_4 is an excess reagent because the given moles are greater than the required moles and CaCl_2 is a limiting reagent and it limits the formation of product.

Now we have to calculate the moles of NaCl and Ca_3(PO_4)_2

From the reaction, we conclude that

As, 3 mole of CaCl_2 react to give 6 mole of NaCl

So, 0.0901 mole of CaCl_2 react to give $\frac{6}{3}\times 0.0901=0.1802$ mole of NaCl

and,

As, 3 mole of CaCl_2 react to give 1 mole of Ca_3(PO_4)_2

So, 0.0901 mole of CaCl_2 react to give $\frac{1}{3}\times 0.0901=0.030$ mole of Ca_3(PO_4)_2

Now we have to calculate the mass of NaCl and Ca_3(PO_4)_2

$\text{ Mass of }NaCl=\text{ Moles of }NaCl\times \text{ Molar mass of }NaCl$

$\text{ Mass of }NaCl=(0.1802moles)\times (58.5g/mole)=10.5g$

and,

$\text{ Mass of }Ca_3(PO_4)_2=\text{ Moles of }Ca_3(PO_4)_2\times \text{ Molar mass of }Ca_3(PO_4)_2$

$\text{ Mass of }Ca_3(PO_4)_2=(0.030moles)\times (310g/mole)=9.3g$

Therefore, the mass of calcium phosphate and the mass of sodium chloride that formed could be, 9.3 and 10.5 grams respectively.

Answer from: Quest

because u need two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei to form isotopes.

so since they all have the same shape? i mean maybe because m& m and reeses are both chocolates

Answer from: Quest

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

explanation

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the $3d$ have energy higher than those in the $4 s$ orbital while lower than those of the $4 p$ orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the $4s$ orbital is therefore filled right after $3p$ orbitals and before $3 d$ orbitals.

potassium has electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{1}$ and calcium $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2}$ . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2} \; 3d^{1}$ and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the $ns^{2} \; (n-1) p^{1}$ and should be highlighted as well.