Astudent noted that the football team won by a larger margin when the third-string played more minutes. therefore, he recommended that the third-stringers become the first team. his conclusion was probably erroneous because he

a) failed to recognize that association is not causation.
b) confused macroeconomics with microeconomics.
c) confused positive and normative analysis.
d) committed the fallacy of composition

Southeastern oklahoma state university's business program has the facilities and faculty to handle an enrollment of 2,000 new students per semester. however, in an effort to limit class sizes to a "reasonable" level (under 200 generally), southeastern's dean, holly lutze, placed a ceiling on enrollment of 1,600 new students. although there was ample demand for business courses last semester, conflicting schedules allowed only 1,440 new students to take business courses. the utilization rate for southeastern=%the efficiency rate for southeastern=%