Circle the letter of the correct choice.
Which type of rock forms from cooling magma?
A. igneous
B. sedimentary
C. metamorphic
D. all of these.
Gravel, sand, silt, or clay are types of
A. minerals
B. rocklets
C. sediments
D. none of these
How are igneous rocks classified?
A. size and shape
B. composition and grain size
C. texture and grain size
D. none of these
What is the primary process by which rocks break down into sediments?
A. transport
B. weathering
C. erosion
D. pressure
By raising their pressure temperature enough, rocks may form
A. new minerals
B. minerals bands
C. layers
D. all of these
What are the flat layers that form as rocks are squeezed called?
A. foliation
B. layers
C. hornfels
D. bedding planes
Sediments come together by these processes to create sedimentary rocks.
A. compaction and cementation
B. precipitation and cementation
C. compaction and precipitation
D. compaction, fermentation, and precipitation
Regional metamorphism is due to extreme pressure caused by
A. heat from magma
B. water pressure
C. the weight of overlying rock
D. atmospheric pressure
When sediments are buried the weight above them can make them into rocks. When they are buried by more weight they can become rocks.
A. regional metamorphic; intrusive igneous
B. cemented sedimentary; intrusive igneous
C. clastic sedimentary; contact metamorphic
D. clastic sedimentary; regional metamorphic
For an igneous rock to become a metamorphic rock it must
A. melt and then cool
B. be broken into fragments and then cemented together
C. change composition or mineral shape by heat or pressure
D. An igneous rock cannot become a metamorphic rock.
True or False
Write true if the statement is true or false if the statement is false.
11. Rocks are naturally formed, non-living material.
12. Most rocks are made up of only one type of mineral.
13. Rocks are classified by their texture only.
14. Precipitates are the solid materials left behind after a liquid evaporates.
15. As magma cools, different crystals form in the process known as metamorphism.
16. When a rock melts completely it can become the metamorphic rock migmatite.
17. The rock cycle describes the transformation of one type of rock to another.
18. When sediments become sedimentary rock they often have changes in composition.
19. The White House is made of pink sandstone that was painted white.
20. Fossils are the remains of once-living organisms.
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank with the term that best completes the sentence.
21. igneous rocks solidify beneath the surface.
22. cooling allows time for large crystals to form.
23. Sediments are laid down, or , before they can be formed into sedimentary rocks.
24. Fluids that crystallize in the spaces between the loose particles of sediments create rock by .
25. metamorphism changes enormous quantities of rock over a wide area.
26. metamorphism changes a rock that is in contact with magma because of the extreme heat.
27. In a metamorphic, minerals separate by into lighter and darker bands.
28. The rocks that form from an erupting volcano are rocks.
29. Cemented sediments become sedimentary rocks.
30. occurs when sediments are squeezed together by the weight of overlying sediments on top of them.
Short Answer
Answer each question in the space provided.
31. Briefly describe how igneous rocks form. How do both of the two main subcategories form?
32. Briefly describe how sedimentary rocks form. How do both of the two main subcategories form?
33. Briefly describe how metamorphic rocks form. How do both of the two main subcategories form?