According to research by elissa epel and her colleagues acute, short-term stress produces a(n) effect on telomerase activity, and chronic stress has a(n) effect on telomerase activity.

The acute, short term tension forms a positive adaptive result on telomerase doings while the chronic stress has a negative maladaptive result on telomerase doings. In addition, Epel's research is the first experimental demonstration that telomerase activity is directly affected by acute psychological stress. The post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety syndrome that includes intrusive point of view of the traumatic event, emotional numbness, and physical indications of anxiety, sun as uneasiness, sleep disorders, and irritability.

D, because civic virtue is basically doing what’s morally good.