Decisions made by federal appeals courts are final a. even when the issue at hand is later selected for supreme court review. b. unless they are heard "en banc." c. in civil cases, when the decision may be rescinded by state courts. d. in public law cases where the parties choose to enter arbitration.

Mankiw attributes – chapter 1 and his 10 principles – differences in living standards within a countryover time and across countries at a moment in time to: a. the presence or absence of inflation and unemployment. b. the allocation of resources between private markets and the public sector. c. those that have dealt successfully with the efficiency v. equality tradeoff and those that haven’t. d. differences in productivity. e. ones that think at the margin and respond to incentives and those that don’t.

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Describe the type of government sparta had and how it felt about foreigners.