During the first day of class speech presentations, dwayne had a bad sinus infection and his ears were plugged so he couldn't hear the speakers. he was experiencing noise

Dwayne was experiencing physiological noise. The physiological is one of the most common problems in communication.  Racial stereotypes, reputations, biases, and assumptions are one of the causes for physiological noise. Reasons of psychological nature cause distractions that interfere with the communication process.

It is meant that like tapestry scientific theories often need to pull out since they are not relevant and often times the whole chain of theories may be pulled out.