How did the russians refusal to fight a major battle against the french affect napoleon's army?

Explain how nationalism led to independence in nigeria.

The chart shows the marginal cost and marginal revenue of producing apple pies. what most likely will happen if the pie maker continues to make additional pies? the marginal costs will continue to rise, increasing the total cost, while the marginal revenue remains the same, decreasing the profit. the marginal costs will continue to fall, decreasing the total cost, while the marginal revenue remains the same, increasing the profit. the marginal costs will continue to rise, increasing the total cost, while the marginal revenue remains the same, increasing the profit. the marginal costs will continue to fall, decreasing the total cost, while the marginal revenue remains the same, decreasing the profit.

“dear sir: it is with great reluctance, i trouble you on a subject, which does not fall within your province; but it is a subject that occasions me more distress, than i have felt, since the commencement of the war; and which loudly demands the most zealous exertions of every person of weight and authority, who is interested in the success of our affairs. i mean the present dreadful situation of the army for want of provisions, and the miserable prospects before us, with respect to futurity. it is more alarming than you will probably conceive, for, to form a just idea, it were necessary to be on the spot. for some days past, there has been little less, than a famine in camp. a part of the army has been a week, without any kind of flesh, and the rest for three or four days. naked and starving as they are, we cannot enough admire the incomparable patience and fidelity of the soldiery, that they have not been ere this excited by their sufferings, to a general mutiny or dispersion. strong symptoms, however, discontent have appeared in particular instances; and nothing but the most acitive efforts every where can long avert so shocking a catastrophe.” what’s the central idea?