Daniel buys a new perfume at the local supermarket. The next morning, he decides to wear the perfume to work. When applying the perfume, he notices that it has a very strong scent. Within an hour of wearing it, he stops noticing the scent. This example best illustrates the concept of

An informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.