According to Epel et al., people with excessive are more psychologically and physiologically reactive to stress.

i think it is the third one.

what he said above me         look up that's the answer

the factors that the economies of the muslim empires prosper were:

1- land trade routes-located between three continents  

2- sea trade routes

trade contributed to the spread of muslim empires, and with that islamic culture led to a growing feeling of internationalism resulted in the transfer of technology, science, and other cultural forms.