The initial act of rule breaking or the first occurrence of a violation of a norm provoke has little effect on a person's self-concept. Edwin Lemert refers to this as deviance.

answer; /// i believe its(c) policymakers prioritize the various problems facing the state;

all cities have a governor

all cities are in states or provnies then country

all cities have people

difference

some are rich

some are poor

some are average

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.