The method of sociological research best suited to identify cause and effect relationships is the O Survey method
O Group method
O Participant observation method
O Experimental method

the factors that the economies of the muslim empires prosper were:

1- land trade routes-located between three continents  

2- sea trade routes

trade contributed to the spread of muslim empires, and with that islamic culture led to a growing feeling of internationalism resulted in the transfer of technology, science, and other cultural forms.