Dr. Math was interested in how children learn multiplication. Dr. Math recruited 54 second-graders who had not yet been taught how to multiply numbers to participate in a study. Dr. Math was curious as to whether different methods of instruction would lead to better mastery of the subject. Some students read a chapter on multiplication from their textbook. Other students watched a video of cartoon characters explaining multiplication. A third group of students were taught multiplication by a teacher. In all conditions, participants spent 30 minutes learning the fundamentals of multiplication with one of these three methods of instruction and were then given the same 15-question multiplication test. The number of questions answered correctly was recorded and was used as a measure of multiplication ability. Dr. Math obtained the results in the table below and concluded that the math instruction type affected learning of multiplication. Textbook Video Teacher Number of problems 8 correct 10 13 1. Identify and clearly label the independent variable(s), dependent variable(s), and a control variable in this study.
2. Explain how Dr. Math's study meets the covariance rule for causality AND the temporal precedence rule for causality.
3. Write a question that you would ask to interrogate the internal validity of Dr. Math's study and explain why this questions addresses internal validity.

Will award brainliest if it is done correct and answered ! : )part 1–list and describe all the ways an election affects a community. one example appears for you. some citizens volunteer their time to with a candidate’s campaign. part 2–answer the following questions in your own words. what are the requirements to vote in concord city (and most of the united states)? what is an ideology? how does it relate to voting? how does it relate to political parties? explain the differences between liberal, moderate, and conservative. what would you add to this list of things to consider when choosing a candidate? explain your answer. background and education family issue positions personality and character political party membership social group memberships work experience which item from the list above do you think is most important to consider when voting for a candidate? explain why. what are the media? how do the media play an important role in elections? give an example from the concord city election. what is bias? explain an example of bias you witnessed in the concord city election. what is symbolism? explain an example of symbolism you witnessed in the concord city election. what is propaganda? explain an example of propaganda you witnessed in the concord city election. in your opinion, which candidate was most successful in the debate? which one impressed you the most? which one was a disappointment? explain your responses. part 3–fill in the following chart with the appropriate labels. one appears for you. part 4–rank each candidate 1–5 for their success in each of the categories that follow. instructions: a “1” indicates little to no success, and a “5” indicates a high level of success. category rita republican norman no-tax elaine environs david democrat background and education family issue positions personality and character political party membership social group memberships work experience debate political ads website (fill in your own category) total of rankings for each candidate

In a citizens elect the president as head of government separately from the legislature. question 1 options: parliamentary democracy communist state presidential democracy autocratic state

"it is true that we are called a democracy, for the administration is in the hands of the many and not the few." pericles athenian statesman, 5th century b. c.e. what kind of democracy is pericles referring to? - pericles athenian statesman, 5th century b. c.e. a. representative democracy b. parliamentary democracy c. direct democracy d. presidential democracy