In theory, how are elected officials held accountable in democratíc govermrns

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.        

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since learning about his learning patterns, logan has become very aware of the thoughts and feelings he experiences as he listens to the “internal chatter” of his patterns.