In the U. S., the first federal regulations for human subjects research began in 1981 with the codification of the . Common Rule Nuremberg Code Declaration of Helsinki Belmont Report

In the U.S., the first federal regulations for human subjects research began in 1981 with the codification of the Common Rule.

The use of humans as subjects for research purposes has been an ongoing issue even to this day. But at the same time, using actual humans as test subjects seems to be how experimentations were done to verify and prove things actually work on human beings.

The Common Rule of 1981 became the United States' first federal regulation for the use of human subjects for experimental and research purposes. Thus, the correct answer is the Common Rule.

Learn more about the use of human subjects here:

b) Nuremberg code

Explanation:

"choosing is refusing" means individuals face an opportunity cost with each decision they make. economists state that every decision involves trade-offs. opportunity cost is the least desirable alternative given up as a result of a decision.

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