Substantive doctrine guides judges on which party in a case should prevail. There are two types. When judges practice they defer to the political (elected) branches. When judges practice they change doctrine to conform with their view of the Constitution in a changing society.

Aman is charged a fee by the city for having numerous broken cars and auto parts in his front yard. which of the following correctly best describes why the city punish him? he has committed a crime. he is in violation of a city statute. he has violated an amendment of the u. s. constitution. a judge has decided that he is in violation of civil law.

Popular culture mainly encompasses the realm of a-politics b-religion c-business d-entertainment

Which two words in this excerpt from the count of monte cristo can be used as synonyms to determine the meaning of the word grotto? dantès entered the second grotto. the second grotto was lower and more gloomy than the first; the air that could only enter by the newly formed opening had the mephitic smell dantès was surprised not to find in the outer cavern. he waited in order to allow pure air to displace the foul atmosphere, and then went on.