When Charlie the cat was a kitten, he just happened to be near the kitchen when his owner used an electric can opener to open a can of tuna for Charlie to eat. Curious about this strange sound, Charlie went to the kitchen and found the tuna in his dish. Now, no matter how deep Charlie's coma-like sleep is when someone uses the electric can opener for any reason, Charlie scrambles to his feet and sprints to the kitchen. This is an example of

operant conditioning.

Explanation:

Operant conditioning is the term given to a learning method, where an individual is trained to exhibit specific behavior after an element is presented to him. When this individual exhibits the required behavior, he receives a reward, otherwise he receives a punishment.

In the example given in the question above, the cat Charlie underwent an operative conditioning process, as it was trained to be in the kitchen whenever it heard the noise of the electric can opener. When Charlie answered that noise, it got a food that it liked. For this reason, whenever it hears the noise, it goes to the kitchen waiting for the reward.

to plan an idea out before

the anti federalists was a movement that was opposed to the creation of a us federal government. although they were not as organized as the federalists, they also had a large group of leaders, especially in state politics.

the statement "now, in a large extended country, it is impossible to have a representation, possessing the sentiments, and of integrity, to declare the minds of the people” represents the concerns of the anti federalists.

they strongly believed that the federalists were representing the interests of aristocratic elements of society at the expense of the majority of ordinary people, who lived in a rural society.

their fear for the creation of a strong federal government and the president’s power of veto in their opinion would create a tyrannical rule that would dominate the people. they defended the importance of restraining the government’s power towards people at any cost.