Professor west has 30 participants drink either 0 mg, 2 mg or 4 mg of caffeine mixed in juice before completing two tasks; a response time task and a memory task. in this experiment, the independent variable is:

In this study being performed, the independent variable would be the amount of caffeine mixed into the juice. The reason why it is the independent variable is because it does not depend on anything and is the variable that is manipulated to obtain/observe outcomes of tasks. The dependent variable would be the response time task and memory task results.

1.  go out into nature and commune with the divine2.  experience real solitude to truly perceive nature3.  realize that individuals are meant to learn from nature and transcend it4.  think of nature as a symbol of the divine