Amedical doctor and a judge are examples of

These are examples of achieved statuses. Achieved status means a position that is achieved by earning it. In order to became a medical doctor and a judge, both profession can be earned by having a degree and by taking a licensure examination. These professions are not easily obtained yet hardwork and perseverance is needed to achieve this goal. 

the united states has a federal government. the president is the head of the federal government of the united states. however, each state forms its government for administration purposes. the powers of the state governments are exercised within restricted state boundaries. and citizens participate in this government by voting.