The congress shall have power to . . make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution in the government of the united states, or in any department or officer thereof.

what type of powers does this quote from the constitution refer to?

a. delegated powers
b. inherent powers
c. implied powers
d. reserved powers

I believe the answer is: C. implied power

Implied power refers to the type of power that is not directly written in the constitution, but is necessary in order for the power that are explicitly written to be realized.  Hamilton first popularized this term because he believed that it  gave elasticity to the Constitution.

i would say b. research typically uses a variety of sources

answer; ///he could not explain why the continents drifted;