Purpose:The conditional claim (e. g., If A, then B) often confuses people -- we often think it means something different from what the actual logic of the conditional. This assignment will help you understand what's logically implied in conditional claims by having you work with it in familiar setting, and then in an abstract setting. Learning Outcome: Apply the logical meaning of material conditional claims to solve problems logically.
Instructions:
Answer the questions in the following two situations -- the bar and the card factory -- using the rules for conditional claims and logical analysis.
1. You work at a restaurant that serves food and has a bar. The bartenders are notoriously lax in asking for proof of age identification. Your job is to check IDs of people to ensure that the restaurant is in compliance with the law that forbids anyone under 21 from drinking alcohol. However, the restaurant manager doesn't want you bothering everyone in the bar area - so you've been told to only check on situations where it's possible that the law might be broken.
(a) What is the conditional claim that describes the law? Diagram a truth-table for this claim.
(b) Which of the following four situations do you need to check? Assume all statements about the person and drink are accurate.
1. College-age female sitting with some loud friends and she's drinking from a red Solo cup
2. College-age male with trendy tattoos and a new Samsung S10 drinking a bottle of Fresca.
3. A gray-haired male at the bar drinking from red Solo cup while visiting his college-aged son.
4. A college-aged female with trendy ripped jeans drinking from a vodka and cranberry.