Why was Athens was the city-state to lead the golden age and not Sparta?

Sparta put too much emphasis on military's while Athens invested in development of arts and science.

Explanation:

Both of those city states have very opposing reputation. Athens were generally known as the best place in Greece if you want to pursue higher education . Sparta was generally known as the best place if you wanted to be strong warriors.

Because of this A lot of  business owners from outside the Greece much prefer to be involved with trades with Athens compared to Sparta. This helped Athens accumulated a lot of wealth that led to the Golden Age.

all of them lol cause theres no map