When Jermain was answering a questionnaire, he noticed that all the questions concerned an unhappy mood, apathy, loss of appetite, and sleep. He concluded that the questionnaire was probably about depression. This questionnaire is said to have what kind of validity?

face validity

Explanation:

Face validity is a term that refers to tests that presents an obviousness about a theme, covering that theme in a very prominent way, making the test objectives totally transparent to the participant, allowing a proof of the relevance of that theme in social behavior or mentality of the participant. In other words, we can say that this term refers to the availability of a test. We have an example of this, in the question above, where the test obviously refers to depression, which is easily perceived by the participant.

marginal cost is a microeconomic measure that us to evaluate the extent to which the level of production of a good is sustainable in accounting, that is, to how many quantities the company plans to profit from the production of the good.

the concept of marginal cost is simple, it means the cost of producing one more item. for example, in the case of pies, the marginal cost is the cost of producing one more pie than those that have already been produced.

it is important to understand that productive activity influences marginal cost. the marginal cost of some goods can be very high, while others may be insignificant. for example, the marginal cost of producing an extra plane is very high. already the marginal cost of a water company to provide 1l more water is derisory.

in the case of pies, the cost involves the inputs, the labor and the fixed cost, which involves the fixed space of the bakery. the level of production initially has the marginal cost decreasing because there is space and manpower available. however, to produce more you have to hire more workers and buy more inputs. if physical space is limited, workers will conflict with places, inputs and their productivity will decrease, meaning there is an optimum point of production for each level of space and manpower. from this point on, the productivity of the workers will be getting smaller because of lack of space, so that the marginal cost of producing one more pie will be increasing. so, although you have not posted the chart, but if you have the answer, you can see that my explanation goes according to the marginal cost curve that will increase from the 4th pie, answer (c).