What are three attributes you believe are necessary for creating a thriving empire like that of the Ottomans?

Food and supplies, trade, equality, economy, army, weapons,education and navy.

Explanation: You need food, trade and supplies to sustain your people. Incase of invasions, you need an army and strategy in order to either conquer or defend against the enemy. Trade is what gives you those supplies, and it's also how your people have an stable economy. Certain weapons and strategy determine your army's strength, and to go with that, you'll need a navy to defend sea routes from pirates. (Airplanes aren't a factor in this situation since we're talking about the Ottoman empire.) Equality is one many don't mention. The Ottoman empire is very diverse. So treat people the same you'd want to be treated. Everyone's equal, so no civil revolts. Everyone under this government is a citizen. They won't turn back and betray you because of a solid foundation of trust. Your soldiers will be loyal, and your people loving. In my opinion, aside from food and water, that's one of the most important parts. Another one is education. With everyone educated, they have more potential. They can innovate and add to the empire's centuries of success. With more advancements on the way, we can be modernized and discover more. Take Genghis Khan for example. Sure he was a war-mongering Mongolian, but his reign lasted so long because of how organized his government was.   He had scholars spread their wisdom, religious freedom, rights for women, a strong army, flourishing trade along the silk road, and patience. He negotiated peace and shared ideas with others. His empire flourished until it later collapsed under the weak rule of his descendants. If we do the same, we could be better.

panem is a communist totalitarian dictatorship where all the resources and how they are allocated belongs to the capitol. the districts exist only to provide goods and services for the capital and most of the citizens live in poverty. it is a police state where the "peacekeepers" use force and threats to keep the people under control. dissent is outlawed and those who disobey the law are executed, flogged, or turned into avoxes. the games are another means in which the ruling elite in the capitol exert their power over the districts. when reading the books i drew parallels between panem and the soviet union and north korea. in no way is panem capitalist. the people in the capitol are wealthy but the majority of them are involved in the government somehow. it was the same way in the former soviet union where bigwigs in the communist party and high ranking government officials were given access to goods, services, medical treatments not available to the general public. if you think panem has a capitalist economy you need to brush up on your economics.  

this is a pretty broad question and can be a pretty lengthy answer. since 1900, women have gained a lot more rights and have become active in the workforce. with women being in the workforce, men play a larger role in family life. many family tasks are shared between men and women, whereas, women used to be the sole family caretakers.

that should get you started at least.