A procedure in which participants are randomly assigned to condition so that each person participates in only one group is known as a/an , while a procedure in which every participant is measured after receiving each level of the independent variable is known as a/an .

"A randomized controlled trial (or randomized control trial;[2] RCT) is a type of scientific (often medical) experiment that aims to reduce certain sources of bias when testing the effectiveness of new treatments; this is accomplished by randomly allocating subjects to two or more groups, treating them differently, and then comparing them with respect to a measured response. One group—the experimental group—receives the intervention being assessed, while the other—usually called the control group—receives an alternative treatment, such as a placebo or no intervention. The groups are monitored under conditions of the trial design to determine the effectiveness of the experimental intervention, and efficacy is assessed in comparison to the control. [3] There may be more than one treatment group or more than one control group. "

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