Gardner and steinberg (2005) arranged a study in which adolescents and older adults played a simulated driving game either alone or with peers. the researchers measure risky behavior in terms of the number of crashers that occurred during the game. they found that the presence of peers

For each of the following, mark whether it is a possible confounder (a factor that mixes up the results, making it look like candy is to blame when it's a causal (or causation) link which supports the argument that candy causes criminal behavior (ie, explains how candy leads to criminality ), or neither (an irrelevant factor, something that may cause people to become criminals but has nothing to do with eating candy). choose your answers based only< on the information given. additives in candy- additives found in candy may adversely affect brain development of young children in ways that could contribute towards adult aggression. impulsive personality-- kids who are highly impulsive and have trouble delaying gratification are more likely to eat candy every day as children and more likely to disobey laws as adults. violent abuse-- children who suffer violent abuse are more likely to become violent adults and commit violent crimes. gender- boys are overwhelmingly more likely to commit violent crimes

Jesse james, a 20-year old, was arrested for killing a police officer. as a newly elected prosecutor, you are responsible for prosecuting mr. james. you announce your decision not to seek the death penalty in this case, but under your state’s law, the offense charged is considered special circumstances, which would qualify as a death penalty case. your decision does not sit well with the law enforcement community. what are the potential hearings that might be involved in this case? be sure to describe them from the time of arrest through appeal.

Steven pinker states that an important difference exists between men and women in: