Dr. Edward is testing the same individuals repeatedly over time as part of a research study, while Dr. Janice is comparing the performance of different people of various ages at the same time. Dr. Edward is using a research design; Dr. Janice is using a design.

Longitudinal and cross sectional

Explanation:

Dr. Edward is testing the same individuals repeatedly over time as part of a research study, while Dr. Janice is comparing the performance of different people of various ages at the same time. Dr. Edward is using a LONGITUDINAL research design; Dr. Janice is using a CROSS SECTIONAL design.

Dr. Edward is using a longitudinal research design.

Dr. Janice is using a cross-sectional research design.

Explanation:

A longitudinal study also known as longitudinal research design is a type of study in which repeated observations are made on a particular set of variables (e.g. same individuals) over a long or short period of time.

On the other hand, a cross-sectional study also known as cross-sectional research design is a type of study in which observations are made on different variables (e.g. different people) at the same time.