A research assistant in a lab conditions dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell. During conditioning, the assistant rings a bell and then presents the animal with food. After conditioning the dog to salivate to the bell, the bell is the stimulus and the food is the stimulus.

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A research assistant in a lab conditions dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell. During conditioning, the assistant rings a bell and then presents the animal with food. After conditioning the dog to salivate to the bell, the bell is the stimulus and the food is the stimulus.

a) unconditioned; neutral

b) neutral; conditioned

c) unconditioned; conditioned

d) conditioned; unconditioned

After conditioning the dog to salivate to the bell, the bell is the conditioned stimulus and the food is the unconditioned stimulus.

d) conditioned; unconditioned

Explanation:

Prior to conditioning, the bell was a neutral stimulus. That means it didn't really mean anything to the dogs; it didn't cause a response in them. During conditioning, the bell (neutral) was paired with an unconditioned stimulus: food. An unconditioned stimulus is something that causes a natural, automatic response. In the dogs, seeing food made them salivate. After ringing the bell while presenting the food several times, the research assistant gets the dogs conditioned. They learn to associate the sound of the bell with food and, even though food is no longer presented, they still salivate. We can say conditioning has happened. Food continues to be an unconditioned stimulus. The bell, however, is no longer a neutral stimulus. Since it can now cause the dogs to salivated, it has become a conditioned stimulus.

mali had been a state inside of the ghanaian empire. after ghana fell because of invading forces and internal disputes, mali rose to greatness under the leadership of a legendary king named sundiata, the "lion king." the songhai empire, already weakened by internal political struggles, went into decline.

1.) question:

how was the agricultural revolution related to the industrial revolution?

d.) improved agriculture led to population growth, which increased demand for goods.

2.) question:

which of the following happened first in the events leading to american independence?

c.) the meeting of the first continental congress.

3.) question:

what was one advantage that cities offered businesses and industrialists?

answer:

d.) transportation networks

4.) question:

what economic philosophy developed in response to the problems of industrial workers?

a.) socialism

5.) question:

how does this image relate to the jacobins?

b.) the jacobins used this machine to scare and execute those who supported the king.

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