The study performed by Bechara (1994, 2005) that employed the Iowa gambling task demonstrated that individuals who have damage to the of their brain have difficulty responding adaptively to probabilistic situations.

The Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex (vmPFC)

Explanation:

The Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex (vmPFC) is a part of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in the brain. It is located in the frontal lobe under the cerebral hemispheres and it is used or implicated in the processing of risk and fear.

The functions associated with the prefrontal cortex of the brain are:

1. It makes focusing or paying attention easier.

2. Predicting the consequences of one's actions that is anticipating events in the environment.

3. Impulse control

4. Better management of emotional reactions.

5. Ability to Plan for your future.

Damage to the Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex (vmPFC) f the brain causes difficulty with responding adaptively to probabilistic situations, because it hard for you to analyse your environment and to take into cognizant the consequences of your actions. Planning your future which is a probabilistic situation becomes almost impossible too.

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