The bystander effect refers to the tendency for an observer of an emergency to withhold aid if the

A)emergency takes place in a large city.
B)observer has just endured a frustrating experience.
C)emergency is being observed by a number of other people.
D)observer has been exposed to many similar emergencies in the past.

C)emergency is being observed by a number of other people.

Explanation:

The bystander effect is also referred to as the bystander apathy. it is a situation in which individuals are less likely or reluctant to help someone in distress when other are present in the emergency setting. In other words,  bystander effect occurs when the presence of several individuals (bystander) in an emergency situation prevents or discourages an individual from helping out in the emergency situation.

Therefore, the more number of bystander, the less possibility of an individual in helping out in an emergency situation. An individual is more likely to help when there are few or no bystander.

many citizens are in danger of contracting a food-borne illness.

more people are living with chronic illnesses.

pathogens are becoming stronger and harder to defeat.

edge nuity

answer; /// the need to make choices because economic wants exceed economic means;