Which term refers to the ruler of a Muslim state?
A imam
B Sunni
C janissary
D caliph

D. Caliph

Explanation:

A caliph is an Islamic leader and succesor under the delegate of Prophet Muhammad and was the main authority and in charge of all the community.

every society, in order to meet the needs of it's people, has to answer three basic questions:

- what should we produce?

- how should we produce it?

- for whom should we produce it?

this questions must be answered in order to, option b, aid in production decisions.

every country can't produce everything, no matter how rich their land is. it may be a matter of technology, resources or geographical conditions. so, these three questions must be resolved in order to get the most of the production of each land.

hope this !

answer; provide for the common defense: