John is involved with a project studying intelligence. During the study, he is first asked to name the state capitals of Wisconsin and Hawaii. Then he is asked to explain the difference between the words "destiny" and "density". Given these tasks, John appears to be taking a test of intelligence.

Which of the following is a major difference between appellate courts and courts of first instance? a. appellate courts do not use a jury, only judges. courts of first instance hold appellate jurisdiction exclusively. c. courts of first instance do not use judges and appellate courts do. d. appellate courts hear all criminal and civil cases and courts of first instance do not.