Researchers are interested in whether feedback on one math test influences motivation for a second test. Middle school students meet individually with an experimenter and are given a math test. After grading the test, the experimenter gives every student positive feedback by saying, "You did well on the test." Half the students are also told, "You must have worked very hard," and the other half are told, "You must be very smart." Experimenters found that students who had been told they must be smart were reluctant to take a second math test and were more likely to choose a test they knew would be easier. Participants who were told they must have worked hard were eager to take a second test and happy to choose a challenging test. What is the independent variable in this study?

A. in weeks v. united states (1914), the court established the exclusionary rule, which was incorporated to the states in mapp v. ohio (1961), and the court established the concept of a "good faith exception" to the exclusionary rule in united states v. leon (1984). in their opinion, the supreme court pointed out that compliance with the exclusionary rule can have a cost to society (criminals can go free) that outweighs the benefits (stopping illegal searches by police). ultimately, the court determined that despite the exclusionary rule, evidence can still be admitted in situations where police made genuine "good faith" efforts to act legally, but technically acted illegally, in obtaining the evidence. explain the exclusionary rule good faith exception and explain and support whether you agree or disagree with the concept of a good faith exception to the exclusionary rule? why or why not? use the lesson notes and/or one news source to support your answer.

Ahmad is five years old and he has just been caught watching television when he was supposed to be studying according his father’s orders. when his father hears of this incident, he yells at him, spanks him, and restricts him from watching television for one week. ahmad’s father is displaying a(n) parenting style in this scenario.

Pj conducts an experimental study on the effects of soft music during high stakes science testing. he randomly assigns students at the school. in one condition he does not provide music for testing while in the other group he does provide the music. he administers a pretest at the beginning of the year and a posttest at the end of the year. pj’s design is best described as a: a. static group comparisonb. pretest-posttest control group designc. control-group-time-series designd. nonrandomized control-group pretest-posttest design