In intercultural situations, decoders can never be as sure as they are in intracultural situations that they are interpreting signals and messages as originally intended by encoders. This is the result of:

a) cultural differences in the use of all nonverbal channels

Explanation:

Different cultures have different nonverbal and verbal means of communication, so signals sent might be decoded differently by the decoders of cultural background.

The nonverbal sign that means one thing in one culture sometimes means an absolutely different thing in another culture.

This cultural difference may represent the noise, which is anything that may distort the message and it's sending and decoding process. Here, the noise that occurs is cultural noise, or rather semantic and psychological.

the minoans were group of people living in the greek islands of crete in the mediterranean sea during the bronze age

it is a part of john locke's natural rights popular during the age of enlightenment that people had inalienable rights to life, liberty and property. this was reflected by thomas jefferson in his declaration of independence as rights to life,liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

another line in the declaration of independence is that people have certain rights just because they are human. humans are capable of obeying the three natural rights john locke mentioned making them governable by these laws and therefore entitled to these rights as well.