You have never paid attention to and cannot think of which wrist your professor wears her watch on (even if you remember many other things about her). Which function of memory has most likely failed you?

The answer is enconding.

Explanation:

Enconding is a function of memory responsible for processing and interpreting information, allowing it to be stored in the short- or long-term memory. It is the first step for creating memories.

Encoding requires attention. In the example, the reason you can't remember the position of the watch is because you never paid attention to it. Studies reveal that emotional motivation increases attention, and thus the likeness to remember the information.

answer: musical connotation

leonard b. meyer (1918-2007) was an american composer, author and philosopher. his work emotion and meaning in music is perhaps the first major treatise on music. it is a philosophical and psychological work, greatly influenced by koffka (one of the major proponents of gestalt psychology). his work deals with the problem of musical meaning and musical communication.

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.