Students who do relatively little work until just before an upcoming exam and then engage in a burst of studying are displaying a response pattern similar to the one engendered by a schedule of reinforcement

fixed interval                                                                        

Explanation:

Fixed-interval schedule: In psychology, the term fixed-interval schedule is described as a particular schedule of reinforcement which is often considered as a part of the operant conditioning theory and is developed by B. F. Skinner.

A fixed-interval reinforcement schedule is defined as the phenomenon in which the very first response is being rewarded after every specified time that has been elapsed or passed.

In the question above, the given statement signifies the fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement.

a debit card i would say, but it would be to have choices.

explanation:

if im not mistaken its a. collective emotional arousal