A professor hands out an examination. According to the syllabus, the exam was supposed to cover Chapters 11 and 12. The students are shocked to see that the exam is covering Chapters 13 and 14 instead. This examination clearly lacks:.

Validity

Explanation:

Validity in psychology describes when a test is a true representation of what it was meant to be. It is a function of a good reliability and consistency. If the true examination which was supposed to cover a particular chapter now covers a different ones then the examination lacks validity

There are various types of validity which includes face validity, content validity, criterion validity and discriminant validity

answer; triadic reciprocal determinism;

answer; /// the above statement is (true);