"The foreigners chain up Muslims, put around their necks a yoke of servitude, debase them, humiliate their lineage, and they do not mention their name but with insult. Sometimes, they call them savages and sometimes regard them as hard-hearted and cruel and finally consider them insane animals. What a disaster?

By 1896, Al-Afghani described Muslims under European imperialism this way.

Explanation:Jamal al-Din al-Afghani who lived between the year 1838 to 1896 was a controversial political activist,a reformer and Journalist, and also known as the Father of modern Muslim anti-colonialism, he worked tirelessly for a religious and cultural revival to counter European influence in the world.

He is famous for his role in the Pan-Islamic movement,

Jamal al-Din al-Afghani has been severely described as one of the most influential figures and personality in the Muslim world especially after his death.

answer; i believe that the correct answer is ; unified

answer; cultural trait;