Paul is feeling depressed and anxious, mostly because he feels that his boss is looking for a reason to fire him. Paul is a hard worker, and in reality, his boss is considering him for a promotion. According to the , Paul's thoughts and beliefs are the cause of his abnormal behaviors.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The DSM for short.

the telephone is the answer

manifest functions are the recognized and intended consequences of any social pattern, while latent functions are those unrecognized and unintended consequences. to analyze the manifest functions of any social institution, we have to study its contribution to the continuation of a group, community, or society.