The method of ethical reasoning that focuses on society as the unit of analysis and stresses the consequences of an act on all those directly or indirectly affected by it is called the approach. a. justice. b. pragmatic c. utility rights d. None of these are true.

The correct answer is letter C

Explanation:  Utility says that actions or behaviors are correct if what they promote are happiness or pleasure, and are wrong, if they produce unhappiness or pain.

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.        

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